How to Start a Nonprofit Organization

Have you ever wanted to start a nonprofit, but didn’t know how? Starting a nonprofit organization can be a rewarding experience, as it allows individuals and groups to contribute to their communities and the causes they care about while also providing opportunities for networking and leadership development. Not only does it allow you to give back, but it also is a profitable experience that allows you to achieve your personal and professional goals.

This article discusses the steps involved in starting a nonprofit organization, such as choosing a mission and structure, forming a board of directors, registering with the government, and obtaining tax-exempt status. Whether you’re a seasoned nonprofit professional or a first-time organizer, this guide will provide valuable information and resources to help you start a successful nonprofit organization.

What is a Nonprofit Organization?

A nonprofit organization uses any revenue generated by it towards furthering its mission and goals, rather than distributing profits to shareholders or owners. They can take on many forms, such as charitable organizations, foundations, educational institutions, and advocacy groups. They may operate in various fields, including arts, education, health care, social services, and environmental conservation.

Nonprofits are typically governed by a board of directors responsible for setting the organization's mission, policies, and overall direction. The board is also responsible for ensuring that the organization complies with all legal and regulatory requirements. They are usually exempt from paying taxes on their income as long as they use the funds to support their mission. Additionally, donations made to nonprofits are often tax-deductible for the donors, which can help increase the organization's funding. They are legally bound to operate in the public interest and are accountable to the public, government, and regulatory bodies. They must also disclose their financial statements, activities, and any material events for evaluation.

How Long Does it Take to Start a Nonprofit Organization?

The time it takes to start a nonprofit organization can vary depending on several factors, such as the type of organization, the complexity of its mission and operations, and the availability of resources. On average, it can take several months to a year or more to complete all of the necessary steps to start a nonprofit organization.

The first step is researching and developing a clear mission and plan for the organization. This may involve market research, identifying potential partners and stakeholders, and creating a budget and fundraising plan. Once the mission and plan are in place, the next step is forming a board of directors and incorporating the organization. This process involves filing articles of incorporation and bylaws with the state government and obtaining licenses and permits.

The final step in starting a nonprofit is to apply for tax-exempt status with the IRS. This process involves submitting Form 1023 or 1023-EZ and providing detailed information about the organization's mission, activities, and finances. The IRS typically takes several months to review and approve tax-exempt applications. However, the time frame can vary depending on the application's complexity and the agency's workload.

Overall, starting a nonprofit organization is a process that requires a significant amount of planning, legal work, and ongoing effort to maintain the organization's mission and operations. It can take several months to a year or more to complete all of the necessary steps to start a nonprofit organization.

Common Types of Nonprofit Organizations

There are many different types of nonprofits, each with its own unique mission and purpose. Some of the most common types include charitable organizations, foundations, educational institutions, and advocacy groups. Charitable nonprofits, for example, may provide services such as food assistance, housing, or health care to vulnerable populations. On the other hand, foundations typically provide grants and other forms of financial support to organizations and individuals working in a specific field or cause. Educational institutions, such as schools and universities, provide educational services and opportunities to students. Advocacy groups, like environmental or civil rights organizations, work to promote a specific cause or issue.

Here are the different categories of non-profit organizations:

• 501(c)(3): Best for Charitable Nonprofits

The most common type of nonprofit designation is the 501(c)(3) status, which is best suited for charitable organizations. Organizations that are granted 501(c)(3) status are tax-exempt, and donations made to the organization are tax-deductible for the donors. Organizations applying for this status must be organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, testing for public safety, prevention of cruelty to children or animals, literary, or educational purposes.

• 501(c)(4): Best for Political or Lobbying Nonprofits

Another common type of nonprofit is the 501(c)(4) status, which is best suited for organizations that engage in political or lobbying activities. Organizations that are granted 501(c)(4) status are also tax-exempt, but donations are not tax-deductible. These organizations are typically organized to promote social welfare, civic leagues, and local associations of employees.

• 501(c)(7): Best for Social or Recreational Clubs

501(c)(7) status is best suited for social or recreational clubs, such as country clubs, golf clubs, and other membership-based organizations organized for pleasure, recreation, and other nonprofitable purposes. These clubs may offer their members amenities such as golf courses, swimming pools, tennis courts, and other recreational facilities. They may also organize social events, such as parties, banquets, and other gatherings.

• Other Nonprofit Designations

Besides the above mentioned, there are other nonprofit designations such as 501(c)(5) for labor, agricultural, or horticultural organizations, 501(c)(6) for business leagues, chambers of commerce, and real estate boards, and 501(c)(8) for fraternal beneficiary societies and associations. Each of these has specific requirements and regulations, and organizations must choose the designation that best aligns with their mission and activities.

5 Steps To Start a Nonprofit Organization

The following five steps will help guide you through the process of starting a nonprofit organization to set it up for success.

1. Research Feasibility and Need

The first step in starting a nonprofit is to research and understand the need for the organization and its feasibility. This process involves market research, identifying the target population and their needs, and assessing the existing resources and competition in the field. This research will help you develop a clear mission and plan for the organization and ensure that it meets an unmet need.

2. Build a Strong Foundation

Once the mission and plan are in place, it's important to build a strong foundation for the organization. This step involves forming a board of directors, creating bylaws, and obtaining any necessary licenses and permits. The board of directors is responsible for setting the organization's mission, policies, and overall direction, so it's vital to choose members with the skills, experience, and commitment to help guide the organization.

3. File Articles of Incorporation

The next step is to file articles of incorporation with the state government. This process typically involves submitting a document containing information about the organization's mission, purpose, and structure. The articles of incorporation are legally required to establish the organization as a separate entity from its founders.

4. File for Tax-exempt Status

After the articles of incorporation are filed, the next step is to apply for tax-exempt status with the IRS. This process typically involves submitting Form 1023 or 1023-EZ and providing detailed information about the organization's mission, activities, and finances. The IRS typically takes several months to review and approve tax-exempt applications.

5. Maintain Your Tax-exempt Status

Once the organization has been granted tax-exempt status, it's essential to maintain compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements. This includes filing annual tax returns and maintaining accurate records of the organization's activities and finances. Organizations may also be required to submit annual reports, such as the 990 form, to the IRS. Additionally, it's crucial to ensure that the organization continues to operate in compliance with its mission and in the public interest.

How to Get Donations as a Nonprofit Organization - Maintaining the Bottom Line

One of the most important aspects of a nonprofit organization is raising funds to support the organization's mission and activities. There are many ways to get donations, including individual donations, grants, corporate sponsorships, membership fees, selling goods and services, and crowdfunding. A nonprofit organization should maintain the balance between raising funds and maintaining the bottom line. It should not compromise on its mission for the sake of funds.

• Individual Donations

Individual donations are a common source of funding for nonprofit organizations. These donations can be solicited through direct mail campaigns, online giving platforms, and fundraising events. It's important to acknowledge and thank donors for their contributions and to provide regular updates on how their donations are being used to support the organization's mission.

• Grants

Many foundations and government agencies offer grants to nonprofit organizations working in specific fields or causes. Organizations can research and apply for grants that align with their mission and activities. It's crucial to ensure that the organization meets the grant's requirements and submit a strong and compelling application.

• Corporate Sponsorships

Corporate sponsorships can provide significant funding for nonprofit organizations. These sponsorships can take many forms, such as financial donations, in-kind donations, and cause-related marketing. Organizations can also approach corporations that align with their mission and activities and offer them sponsorship opportunities.

• Membership Fees

Membership fees are another way for nonprofit organizations to raise funds. Organizations can charge a fee for individuals or businesses to become members, entitling them to exclusive benefits and privileges, such as discounts or exclusive access to events.

• Selling Goods and Services

Nonprofit organizations can also raise funds by selling goods and services. This can include items such as merchandise, publications, or event tickets. Organizations can also offer consulting, training or other services to generate income.

• In-kind Donations

In-kind donations are non-monetary donations, such as goods, equipment, or services. These donations can be valuable resources for organizations, and it's important to establish relationships with businesses and individuals who can provide in-kind donations.

• Crowdfunding

Crowdfunding is another way for nonprofit organizations to raise funds. These platforms allow organizations to create online campaigns and solicit small donations from a large number of individuals. Creating an engaging and compelling campaign that clearly communicates the organization's mission and how the funds will be used is important.

Starting a Nonprofit Organization

Starting a nonprofit organization requires a significant amount of know-how and groundwork. To successfully start a nonprofit organization, it's important to conduct research, build a strong foundation, file the necessary documents and maintain compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.

Don't miss out on this opportunity to create positive change and enhance your personal and professional growth. Start your nonprofit today!

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• Best Banking Options for Nonprofits
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• Things to Consider when Opening a Nonprofit Bank Account

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I start a nonprofit with no money?

Starting a nonprofit organization with no money can be challenging, but it is possible. One strategy is to use low-cost or free resources to help with the startup process. For example, you can use online resources and templates to create a business plan and incorporate your organization. Additionally, you can look for volunteer or pro bono services, such as legal or accounting advice, to help with the startup process. Another way is to look for grants or crowdfunding campaigns to provide seed funding for the organization.

Can the founder of a nonprofit receive a salary?

Yes, the founder of a nonprofit can receive a salary, just like any other employee of the organization and can be paid out via the nonprofit's business bank account. The salary should be reasonable and in line with the salaries of other employees in similar positions and should be approved by the board of directors. Additionally, the organization must be able to afford this salary, maintain its mission, and avoid financial difficulties.

How do I file my nonprofit organization's articles of incorporation?

To file articles of incorporation, you must submit the required documents and pay the associated fees to the state government agency responsible for business registration. The requirements and procedures vary by state, so it is important to check with the appropriate state agency for specific instructions. Typically, you will need to provide information such as the organization's name, purpose, and structure, as well as the names and addresses of the organization's incorporators.

How do nonprofits prepare financial statements?

Nonprofits prepare financial statements similar to for-profit organizations. They provide information pertaining to the organization's financial position, performance, and cash flow. The most commonly used financial statements for nonprofits are the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows. These statements are typically prepared at the end of each fiscal year and are audited by an independent auditor. To prepare these statements, nonprofits must maintain accurate financial records, such as ledgers, invoices, and receipts, and use accounting software or hire a professional accountant.

About The Author

Andy Chang

Founder of TheCreditReview

Andy Chang is the founder of TheCreditReview, a review site started in 2017 that is dedicated to helping consumers find the best companies in financial services. Andy is passionate about financial education and wellness, and helping others reach financial freedom. He consistently writes about topics ranging from credit to banking and lending.

Articles by Andy Chang

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